Loneliness is a complex, multifaceted and ambivalent phenomenon that is an unavoidable part of human life. Loneliness can be both beneficial and - in its chronic form - cause a great deal of suffering and illness. This report discusses the concepts of (chronic) illness and disability as well as the interplay of risk factors that can lead to chronic loneliness - and out of it.

The example of mental disability is used to show how stigmatization processes can create a "vicious circle of loneliness". International study results are presented on macro and meso interventions that appear suitable for breaking down social and community barriers more easily and reducing chronic loneliness. The theoretical and practice-relevant core of the expertise is the plea to (re)consider loneliness as a "feeling" in all its complexity.

First and foremost, this means bringing back the positive and healing aspects of loneliness that have been split off in loneliness research (ability to be lonely). More promising than "combating" feelings of loneliness  is the socially critical examination of grievances that people experience as disconnected from themselves and others.